Civil Disobedience In Antigone By Sophocles - 1195 Words

Civil disobedience has been a controversial issue that possess a conflict between ethical and moral values among both scholars and students alike. Martin Luther King Jr. used the civil disobedience approach to air his grievances and made it known to the majority of the population that a particular aspect of the law was interfering with their moral and ethical values even if it was unwritten. On the other hand, Sophocles, in the play â€Å"Antigone† reveals the grief, struggle, inner strife and distress of a young woman. Through her speech, Antigone can persuade her audience by employing rhetoric, passion and subtle alteration, and therefore, able to fight against injustice she faced from Creon. Thus, both Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr.†¦show more content†¦This act led her to be declared a heroine by the people. While Creon is the idea that a person’s country interest should take preeminence, Antigone values and beliefs were that family comes first and tha t blood is always thicker than water. This belief persuaded her to bury her brother even if the king had outlawed it, and she states that â€Å"the king has no right to keep me from my own† (Sophocles). Even though, she understood the consequences of her disobedience, she didn’t try to hide her treason act. She admits publicly before Creon that she would choose death but bury her brother than live knowing that her brother is rotting on the battlefield. In her disobedience speech, she eloquently tries to make her king understand how unjust the laws are rather than pleaded her case. There evident force and confidence in her words, which she punctuates well and offers examples together with accusations. Furthermore, her lines are emotional and full of sarcasm and contempt towards the king and his unjust laws, which gives her speech a bitter edge. In burying her brother, Antigone shows obedience to the gods rather than the king even if it was illegal to do so. To prove her allegiance, she states that, â€Å"Look at me, you noble sons of Thebes, -the last great line kings, I alone, see what I suffer now at the hands of breed of men- all reverence, my reverence for the gods (Sophocles). Through this quote, Antigone shows that she feared theShow MoreRelated Exploration of Civil Disobedience in Sophocles Antigone, Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, and Platos From Crito580 Words   |  3 PagesExploration of Civil Disobedience in Sophocles Antigone, Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, and Platos From Crito Civil disobedience spawns a major and widely debated issue by many who established by well-known intelligent scholars and many examples of civil disobedience become displayed. The acts of civil disobedience can be noted in major works such as Sophocles?s Antigone, King?s ?Letter from Birmingham Jail?, or even from Plato?s ?from Crito?. A specific claim exemplified throughout theseRead MoreAntigone Essay926 Words   |  4 PagesCivil disobedience is an act Antigone and multiple modern-day women commit to raise awareness of a lack of justice in their societies. Civil disobedience is the refusal to comply with certain laws as a peaceful form of political protest. This form of protest is shown throughout Sophocles’ tragedy Antigone. Antigone, the protagonist, exhibits civil disobedience when she gives her brother, Polyneices, a proper burial. Antigone is very much like Rosa Parks as described in the article â€Å"Rosa Parks leavesRead MoreAntigone By Sophocles : A Moral And Lega l Battle951 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Antigone by Sophocles, the title character is engaged in a moral and legal battle with King Creon. The king has issued a legal verdict against the brother of Antigone. He is to be left to rot in the battlefield, rather than be buried. As such, his body will be eaten by vultures and not be given the honor of burial. This was considered the worst punishment that could be given at the time. Antigone believes that this is wrong. She decides to go against the legal orders of the kingRead MoreCivil Disobedience And Martin Luther King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1236 Words   |  5 Pagesupon lightly such as committing civil disobedience. In Sophocles s â€Å"Antigone† and Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, both, King and Antigone, were supporters and activist of civil disobedience. However, both, Antigone and Martin Luther King had different methods of conducting civil disobedience and viewed civil disobedience differently. Furthermore, Antigone and Martin Luther King were both steadfast in what they believed in and used civil disobedience to fight for their cause. DespiteRead MoreCivil Disobedience In Antigone By David Thoreau958 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one thinks of civil disobedience, they think of a person that neither follows nor respects the law. However, one does not take into consideration why a certain person is not abiding by the law, and what is influencing their decisions. In the case of Antigone, in Antigone by Sophocles, the reason she does not follow the law is that not only does she view the law as unfair and not just, but the law hurts her more than anyone else. Antigone feels she has a burden to bury her brother Polynices,Read MoreCivil Disobedience in Antigone and Trifles Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesCivil Disobedience of Antigone and Mrs. Hale Civil disobedience is the purposeful violation of a law to show that it is unconstitutional or morally defective. In the plays, Antigone and Trifles, the female main characters commit an act of civil disobedience. The plays are respectively written by Sophocles and Susan Glaspell. Antigone, the main character of Antigone, protects her dead brothers honor as she disobeys the laws of King Creon. Mrs. Hale, the main character of Trifles preventsRead MoreTheme Of Antigone 964 Words   |  4 PagesAmer Debis Professor: Kennedy ENC 1102 April 12, 2016 Theme In Antigone Sweeping dramas of rival families and of rival family members seeking control of a kingdom are very popular now. One obvious example is Game of Thrones, which continues to break viewership records and also engender controversy. Such sagas, however, are nothing new. Antigone, a play by Sophocles and the sequel to Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes, provides an ancient Greek perspective on the themes of power, duty, and lawRead MoreAnalysis Of Civil Disobedience In Antigone1078 Words   |  5 PagesMany people around the world and in books are getting in trouble for their acts of civil disobedience. Civil disobedience is refusing to follow certain laws as a form of political protest. In Antigone, written by Sophocles, Antigone rebels against the laws of Creon and buries her brother, Polynieces, when everyone was ordered not to. Modern day people around the world like Antigone are also defying laws. Women in Saudi Arabia who went driving when laws forbid them to and they got in to a lot of troubleRead MoreCivil Disobedience, And Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1018 Words   |  5 PagesToday, the word disobedience carries a negative connotation that acts as a deterrent for necessary disobedience. The common way in which people view disobedience is as a rejection of a rule, law, or a simple standard. Historically, rules were implemented in ways that were deemed immoral by society. Therefore, civil disobedience is justified to combat immoral standards implemented in society. However, civil disobedience is only justified under these circumstances, mainly for the betterment of societyRead MoreThe Truth Behind Political Thought944 Words   |  4 Pagesinconsistency ,that civil disobedience is not justified because of society s accentuation on law and order. The understanding of law and civil disobedience illustrates itself in both readings of Sophocles Antigone and Plato s Apology which suggests that they give both similar views with th e existing idea of different higher authority in mind. Because of the unresolved feud between the law and civil disobedience it is prevailed effectively in Sophocles tragic drama Antigone and Plato s Apology

Global Issues in Crime and Justice The War and Genocide in Darfur Free Essays

string(80) " used as motivating factor behind the destruction of African groups in Darfur \." Global Issues in Crime and Justice The war and genocide in Darfur (Sudan) (2003-2010) The conflict in Darfur officially started in February of 2003 when a rebel group launched an attack on Golo. This rebel group refers to themselves as Sudan Liberation Army (SLA). Not long after, another Darfur rebel group arose, identifying itself as the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). We will write a custom essay sample on Global Issues in Crime and Justice: The War and Genocide in Darfur or any similar topic only for you Order Now The uprisings from the rebel groups, however, did not draw immediate reaction from the Sudanese Government. The turning point for the conflict which led to a war was the raid on al Fashir air base by both the Sudan Liberation Army and Justice and Equality Movement. According to Daly, 2010, military planes and helicopter gunships were destroyed, vehicles and weapons were seized, soldiers were killed and the base commander was captured. The SLA and JEM continued their attacks in Tine, Kutum and Mellit in May 2003. After the attack, the Sudanese government carried out a counter-insurgency campaign by coordinating a ‘special task force’ , composed of Arab militia men named Janjaweed. The Janjaweed militia was backed by government troops. Their task was to attack the Africans in Darfur and destroy their villages. The bombing of villages, rape and mass killing became the means to destroy the Africans in Darfur. Those who survived were displaced from their homes and moved into displacement camps in Sudan. However, assistance provided to the African survivors were minimal, the humanitarian aid workers were aggressively pressured and it was difficult to bring food and medicine supply into the camps. According to Hagan and Rymond-Richmond in 2009, more than 200, 000 displaced persons were pushed over the border into refugee camps in Chad. On the other side, the amount of deaths in Darfur varied. In fall of 2004, World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 70,000 deaths within seven months since the beginning of the war. However, this estimate is likely to only involve people who died in and around camps. On the other hand, the State Department’s Atrocities Document Survey (ADS) provided data on people who died in the attack but does not include people who died in the camps. To obtain a more accurate picture, Hagan and McCarty (2009) combined the WHO and ADS data. The result is at least 200, 000 people had died in Darfur and the amount could have reached to 400, 000. There were many parties involved in the war and genocide in Darfur but there were definitely only two sides. The first side is the rebel groups, they are Sudan Liberation Army and Justice and Equality Movement. The other side of the conflict is the Janjaweed and the government of Sudan and its troops. The Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) was first formed in 2002 by an alliance of Fur and Zaghawa with Abdel Wahid as its first chairman and Abdalla Abaker as its chief of staff. The SLA consisted of Zaghawa and Fur but their relation was sour. The inexperience leadership, disorganized infrastructure and tension and conflict within the SLA only made matters worse. By mid-2003, there were no longer communications made betwen the Zaghawa and the Fur resulting to division of the movement into two groups. After the death of Abdalla Abaker, Minnawi announced himself as the secretary general. There were then two factions of SLA – the SLA under Abdel Wahid and the SLA under Minnawi. The second group that entered the conflict in Darfur in 2003 was the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). Its origin can be traced back to the mid-1990s. Having been marginalized, the Darfurians felt disappointed towards Islamist leaders in Sudan. The group consisted of mainly rebellious members of National Islamic Front in 1989. The JEM was formed in 2001 with Khalil Ibrahim as the leader holding the position of the chairman of the JEM. In response to the rebellion, the Sudanese government created a military force named Janjaweed which consisted of both Arab and Non-Arab groups. The Janjaweed became a ‘state security organs’ and the administrative system in Darfur became ‘military command’. They implemented a strategy where attacks would be made on African civilian in their towns and villages. Not only that, the Janjaweed was given a license to kill which allows them to kill and torture whoever they want with no limits imposed. The role of Sudanese government and its army would be to provide assistance to Janjaweed. This include from air support to cleaning up the crime scenes in Darfur. Despite the obvious proofs that genocide had taken place, the Sudanese government claimed that what happened was merely a counter-insurgency tactic to stop the rebellion and the blame was placed on the rebel groups. The rebel groups shared neither the same motivation nor the same goal. However, both SLA and JEM aimed to use armed rebellion as means to achieve their goals. For the SLA, the 1991 rebellion in Darfur convinced them to make changes in Darfur through armed rebellion. They were then motivated by the ideology of the ‘New Sudan’ and so were determined to make the ‘New Sudan’ as their goal. It was a concept suggested by Sudan People’s Liberation Army. It demanded a secular, democratic and decentralized government as well as equality in power and wealth. In contrast, the JEM was motivated by a document that was created in May 2000, The Black Book Imbalance of Power and Wealth in Sudan which gave a clear analysis of the underdevelopment of Darfur and the government’s lack of concern. The group’s goals were to call for ‘radical constitutional reform, regional empowerment and social democaracy’ excluding separation of state and religion. In contrast to SLA, their focus was on Sudan as a whole rather than solely on Darfur. The motivation behind the creation of Janjaweed by the Sudanese government was difficult to establish. The Sudanese government had repeatedly argued that its destructive behavior and violent attacks on civilians were merely counter-insurgency tactics. However, it is believed that racial intent is used as motivating factor behind the destruction of African groups in Darfur . You read "Global Issues in Crime and Justice: The War and Genocide in Darfur" in category "Essay examples" Daly in 2010 described that the goals of the Sudanese government as well as its troops and Janjaweed were to destroy settlements and property, evacuation of the land by killing the men, women and children or stigmatizing the women by raping them, and forced displacement of the survivors. There were many factors that may have caused the uprisings in Darfur however its immediate cause were the African’s experience of being marginalized, invaded, exploited and neglected. It is reasonable to believe that the factors which led to the formation of rebel group had also resulted to the occurrence of the first event in the war in Darfur: the uprisings. Among the factors were political and economic marginalization experienced by the Darfurians as described in the Black Book. The Sudanese government did little attempt to help the economy of Darfur and the positions in government institution were mainly dominated by those from the Norths and Arabs. Another factor would be the increasing insecurity in Darfur caused by attacks on African villages carried out by Arab nomads. This was the main reason why the Zaghawa joined the Fur to form the SLA. The failure of the Sudanese government to solve the conflict between the Arabs and the African had resulted to a rebellion in 2003. The Sudanese government’s action escalated the rebellion turning it into a war and genocide. The government’s mistake was its failure to acknowledge the rebel groups and accept their demand. Furthermore, its decision to use the Janjaweed militia as a counter-insurgency tactic caused a creation of the ‘worst humanitarian crisis’. It is the way the Sudanese government reacted to the rebellion that based a basis of genocide in Darfur. Apart from the above factors, there were also other underlying factors that contribute to the conflict in Darfur. These factors existed long before the start of the rebellions in 2003. These factors include the drought in Darfur since the 1970s which caused a struggle of land and Arab supremacism in Darfur. Tensions between Africans and Arabs burst into violence when Darfur suffered from numerous droughts since the early 1970s. The increasing desertification had resulted to loss of produce, grazing land and livestock. This had caused conflict between the African farmers and Arab herders over territories and access to water. The droughts had forced the Arab herders to intrude on the lands of the African farmers causing a clash between them. The ethnic conflict was further intensified with the introduction of small arms that transformed the means of violence in Darfur. Favored groups were allowed to possess arms for the purpose of self-defense. Unfair policies were introduced to give legal protection to the Arabs and the policy itself undoubtedly showed favoritism towards the Arabs especially over matters relating to land. It is undeniable that the government had played a primary role in stimulating the ethnic conflict. In Darfur, the Arabs were often seen as superior to all others, which make those who are not Arab as inferior. The Arabs in Sudan dominated all aspect of life ranging from politics to social life. The relations between Arabs and Africans in Darfur became even tenser as the ideology of Arab supremacy led to ‘both the demonization and disenfranchisement of certain groups’ , in particular the Africans. One significant factor to include would probably be the disenfranchisement of Darfur. Darfur had been neglected by Sudan. Schools, medical facilities and the roads provided in Darfur were very minimal if compared to those provided in the north of Sudan. Even worst, there was no attempt to include the African in the politic and administration of Darfur or Sudan. The Africans have suffered discrimination, prejudice and exclusion. These sufferings might have added to the conflicts that turned into rebellions and then war and genocide in 2003. The case of Darfur had frequently been labeled as crime against humanity due to the pattern of mass killing in Darfur. Maier-Katkin et al in 2009 presented a theory to explain the crimes against humanity. There are 6 suggested factors as to how crimes against humanity could have occurred. The first factor is the development of societal strain and anger depression. Secondly, the formation of primary group affiliations where tensions emerged between two groups- between the self and the other, or most commonly known as between us versus them. The third factor is the socialization and normalization of idea in the primary group. The next factor is the continuation of the previous factor, socialization of individuals into roles within the group makes them more incline to conform and follow orders from the authority. The fifth factor is that the possibility of the occurrence of crimes against humanity when there is a technique of neutralization. Lastly, where the target or victim is not threatening, crimes are easier to commit. In the case of Darfur, the second, third, fifth and sixth factor could be applied to explain the crimes of humanity committed against the Africans. Tension had developed between the Africans and Arabs long before the start of the war in 2003. The two groups had always clashed and thus satisfying the second factor. Secondly, the belief of the people in Sudan and Darfur is that Arabs are always superior to the Africans which make the African less valuable to the country. This idea had been normalized into the life of every person in Sudan. Not only that, technique of neutralization had clearly been used by the Sudanese government and the Janjaweed. Racial epithets expressed toward the Africans were commonly heard during the attacks. This is an act of dehumanizing the victims. The sixth factor refers to the fact that the victims in the case of Darfur are civilian. They do not have the means to attack back and therefore no risk is associated with the perpetrators. Denials were used by the Government of Sudan in response to its Human Right violation. Stanley Cohen in 2001 presented 6 types of denial: denial of knowledge, denial of responsibility, denial of injury, denial of the victim, condemnation of the condemners, appeal to higher loyalty and moral indifference. It is possible that the Janjaweed and military forces of the Sudanese government had relied on the denial of responsibility and victim to justify their destructive actions. Whereas the Government of Sudan may have justified their action based on denial of knowledge, denial of victim and the condemnation of the condemners. Other than committing a crime against humanity, the Janjaweed had also committed crimes of obedience by following the order of Sudanese government to attack African civilian. No attempts were made to challenge the authority and the decision to obey was not done out of fright towards the government but was likely to be caused by hatred that developed between the ethnic lines. Bibliography Cohen, S. , 2001. States of Denial. Cambridge University Press. Daly, M. W. , 2010. Darfur’s Sorrow: The Forgotten History of a Humaniatarian Disaster. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press. Flint, J. , Darfur’s Armed Movement. In: A. De Waal, ed. 2007. War in Darfur and the Search for Peace. Harvard University Press, p 140-172 Hagan, J. , Rymond-Richmond, W. , and Parker, P. , 2005. The Criminology of Genocide: The Death and Rape of Darfur, Criminology, 43(3), p 525. Haggar, A. , The Origins and Organization of the Janjawiiid in Darfur. In: A. De Waal, ed. 2007. War in Darfur and the Search for Peace. Harvard University Press, p 113-139 Hagan, J. and Rymond-Richmond, W. , 2009. Darfur and the Crime of Genocide. New York: Cambridge University Press. Maier-Katkin, D. , Mears, D. P. , and Bernard, T. J. , (2009) Towards a Criminology of Crimes Against Humanity, Theoretical Criminology 13(2) p 227-256 McCarty, B. and Hagan, J. , Counting the Deaths in Darfur Pitfalls on the Pathway to a Public Sociology. In V. Jeffries, ed. 2009. Handbook of Public Sociology. United States: Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc. p 319-337 Tar, U. A. , 2006. Old Conflict, New Complex Emergency: An Analysis of Darfur Crisis, Western Sudan, Nordic Journal of African Studies, 15(3), p 406-427 Totten, S. , The Darfur Genocide. In: S. Totten and W. S. Parsons, ed. 2009. Century of Genocide: Critical essays and Eyewitness Accounts. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge. Tubiana, J. , A Conflict for Land? In: A. De Waal, ed. 2007. War in Darfur and the Search for Peace. Harvard University Press, p 68-91 How to cite Global Issues in Crime and Justice: The War and Genocide in Darfur, Essay examples

Tesla Gigafactory

Questions: 1.What is the Aim of Tesla Gigafactory? 2.What is the Current SCM Structure of building lithium Ion Batteries? 3.How will Tesla Disrupt the Current Supply Chain Management of Lithium ion Batteries? 4.Do you think Tesla will Succeed its mandate? Answers: Introduction: Tesla Motors with its initiative of establishing the environment friendly Gigafactory to produce lithium ion batteries has taken a great step towards developing technology that will sustain environment in future. At present, the factory is under construction at Tahoe Reno Industrial Center, U.S. This construction running near Nevada and the Nevada governor expects to enjoy a good amount of revenue in two decades of its production ("Tesla Gigafactory | Tesla Canada", 2017). Lithium ion battery cars are one of that technological advancement that promises to save the rapidly decreasing non-renewable resource of fuel as well as looks promising as an alternative technology. Tesla Gigafactory in Nevada started its first production in 2016 of Powerpacks and Powerwalls in a meager quantity while within some months in 2017 it has successfully commenced its mass production of battery cells. Gigafactory 1 in Nevada has been designed with the aim of minimizing the cost of production and the usag e of raw materials through the arrangement of vertical integration. Another factory of the same kind Gigafactory 2 is decided to be established in Europe aiding more 1production of eco friendly car batteries ("Tesla Gigafactory | Tesla Canada", 2017). 1.Aim of Tesla Gigafactory Tesla has several significant and noble aims behind founding the massive Gigafactory spending a huge amount of money. The primary objective of Tesla that has accelerated the establishment of the first Gigafactory in Nevada is to take a step forward to transform worlds automobile industry by replacing the fuel with electric. As hoped by Tesla Motors, the production of lithium ion batteries in the Gigafactory will become that source of the sustainable alternative source of energy ("Tesla Gigafactory | Tesla Canada", 2017). To achieve this mission Tesla needs to produce electric cars in such great quantity that it can push the change of the alternative source of energy into this industry. In order to achieve success in their mission Tesla will require a massive number of lithium ion batteries; probably the entire worldwide production of present time. The factory, to perform this huge mission, is still under construction and by 2018, Tesla expects to commence its full capacity production. Tesla has joined hands with Panasonic and others who help in developing strategies for the company with the aim of producing batteries at a considerable lower cost. Tesla also aims to achieve innovation in the manufacturing field and desires to reduce waste generation during the manufacturing process. The Gigafactory will help Tesla to locate the entire process of manufacturing under the same roof. Some other of their significant aims are to diminish the per kWh hour cost of battery pack by at least 30 percent as well as to be strengthened by renewable sources of energy; the goal is to achieve clearly zero energy application. Tesla is eager to finish the construction part as soon as possible since they hope to reduce the cost of their presently available batteries dramatically with the help of this giant factory. It is still not very clear how th is extreme economization will be possible but it is anticipated that Tesla aims to be decked up with a complete recycling system. 2.Current SCM Structure Lithium ion batteries are rapidly rising in demand and at present, the Asia dominates the world market in its production. These batteries are largely used in the applications of consumer electronics since these possess considerable high lifecycle and density. The power output of high capacity makes them appropriately convenient to be used in a number of selective automotive applications (Miller, 2014). The production of lithium ion batteries is thickly concentrated in Asian countries like Japan, China and Korea due to the abundance of lithium ion battery specific component suppliers available here so that these countries together have formed a clustered supply chain particularly focusing on the production of lithium ion battery. Japan, China and Korea comprises of almost 79% of the entire automotive lithium ion battery production while U.S is steadily advancing to get hold of this demanding market presently covering 17% of the total production. Though the Asian cluster of LIB production contributes some advantage at regional level, the benefit in cost is not available outside this cluster. Lithium is primarily mined from two sources: pegmatite found in hard rocks and brine found in salt lakes. Now the major sources of pegmatite are: Australia Brazil Canada China The chief sources of brine are: Argentina Bolivia Chile China and S To some extent, there exists vertical integration of electrode materials across Asia and production of battery cells. This is likely to help in lowering the cost of production for some certain manufacturers. The LIB materials producing countries of South East Asia are considered as major suppliers of battery materials; the major reason behind this may be the firms of these countries do have the required knowledge of this field as well as the stable financial background to be known as strong and reliable suppliers. The following chart explains the picture of supply chain management of LIB: Total Manufacturing Capacity of LIB (MWh) Percentage share of capacity (%) Manufacturing Capacity of Automotive LIB (MWh) Percentage Share of Automotive Capacity (%) China 39010 51 11240 41 Japan 11978 16 5750 21 Korea 16059 21 4600 17 U.S 4970 7 4600 17 E.U 1798 2 1300 5 Others 2440 3 0 0 Total 76255 100 27490 100 The chart clearly shows that the U.S does not have as strong a supply chain as Asian cluster region and in addition to that, most of the U.S suppliers are comparatively new and inexperienced and hence, are believed to be less reliable ("Automotive Lithium ion battery supply chain and U.S Competitiveness", 2017). Indeed, the production cost of Tesla is to rise if they have to depend on the export service of Asian suppliers. While supporting the expansion of advanced battery manufacturing in U.S the U.S government has provided $1.5B. 3.Whether Tesla will disrupt the Current SCM It has been seen that the lithium ion battery cell supply is rapidly growing but the growth is concentrated on Asia. If Tesla Gigafactory, based in U.S has to depend on this existing supply chain structure, it will cost a great deal for the company. Hence, Tesla has planned to exceed the global production of lithium ion batteries by 2020 disrupting the present structure of its Supply Chain Management ("Automotive Lithium ion battery supply chain and U.S Competitiveness", 2017). In order to do so, the company has signed a formal negotiation with Panasonic specially to collaborate with its Gigafactory initiative ("Everything will be recycled.", 2017). According to the agreement, Panasonic is entitled to invest necessary equipments for production of these automotive batteries such as cathode materials, PVDF and SBR Binders, prismatic lids and cans, logistic solutions, electrolyte filling and the like. On the other hand, Tesla is to invest all the utilities, land and buildings required to set up and run Gigafactory 1 (Nykvist Nilsson, 2015). Tesla is also responsible for providing production equipments indispensible for LIB module and production of battery packs. With efficient management of Gigafactory and procuring the necessary precursor compound materials from other collaborators, Tesla is likely to emerge as worlds largest producer of lithium ion batteries (Barr, 2013). Undoubtedly, Tesla Gigafactory shows prominent signs to be the largest and technologically most advanced and exceptional battery producing factory surpassing the dominance of Asian farms. The company is even more keen to accelerate the construction work of Gigafactory because the scarcity of lithium ion batteries has somewhere limited their production of cars (Eisler, 2016). Therefore, apparently Tesla hopes to outreach the 2013 global production of lithium ion batteries by 2020 as mentioned earlier; not only that the company has claimed to produce a huge number of battery packs enough to build 500,000 LIB powered cars by the target year. According to Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla Inc. the automobile company intends to apply one such unique technology that would economize the production of these batteries as well as it has the potential to upset the prevalent structure of Supply Chain Management. Tesla plans to transport the rail cars full of raw materials directly from the mines into the factory and Musk insists that these cars will come out being transformed into finished products of lithium ion battery. The way Tesla has consolidated its battery pack manufacturing process right from the stage of raw materials; it will be hard for any other enterprise to compete with Tesla when it will start its full capacity production (Anderman, 2016). 4.Whether Tesla will succeed its mandate The construction process of Gigafactory 1 is still a long way to go because more than half of the planned structure is yet to be built. Now, all the claims that Tesla has made for this massive factory and its production capability are still assumptions and have not been proved in real field. Therefore, it is a matter of debate whether Tesla will achieve its claimed target within 2020 and the answer precisely discusses what the elements are that can take the company forward and what can be proved as setbacks (Zeng, Li Singh, 2014). One significant possible obstacle can be appeared in the form of bureaucratic mismanagement (Hanley, 2015). This can be avoided if thoughtful and coordinated measures are taken together with the architects, engineers, construction crews and technicians properly led by the managers to reach the end-goal without being diverted from the root aim (Martin, 2014). Due to their intended application of vertical integration, the entire responsibility relies upon Teslas management because now they would have to supervise each aspect of battery production instead of just controlling the system built up with producers. Apart from this, Teslas huge plantation of Gigafactory has increased their business risk a lot. Tesla is probably the only automobile company who wants to rely entirely on electrical cars in near future. However, the customers are yet to shift completely to these cars of new technology and that the idea of fully electric powered cars has not yet been tested. Besides, in the age of rapid technological advancement it is very likely that the lithium ion concept would also be replaced with something else and the question arises in this context that what then will happen to this huge infrastructure (Lu et al, 2013). Much of Teslas success depends on the accountability of its partner Panasonics lithium ion technology. On the other hand, if Tesla can achieve its grand scale of production in Gigafactory, it is almost guaranteed that the upcoming models of cars built under Tesla Motors will be sold at a much-lowered cost (Wang et al, 2014). This gigantic Gigafactory is also believed to be capable of providing Tesla about a bulk of battery pack output that will make Tesla self sufficient in terms of Supply Chain Management. However, the question is not about applying innovative technology but rather the success of the company will be depending on how far and how long they will be able to sustain the management of this gigantic structure. If the organization can execute perfectly what they has claimed for Gigafactory, certainly there will be no looking back for Tesla Motors. References: Anderman, M. (2016). The Tesla Battery Report: Tesla Motors: Battery Technology, Analysis of the Gigafactory and Model 3, and the Automakers Perspectives. Automotive Lithium ion battery supply chain and U.S Competitiveness. (2017). Retrieved 1 March 2017, from https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2015/06/f23/Lithium-ion%20Battery%20CEMAC.pdf Barr, A., Deguilhem, B., Grolleau, S., Grard, M., Suard, F., Riu, D. (2013). A review on lithium-ion battery ageing mechanisms and estimations for automotive applications.Journal of Power Sources,241, 680-689. Eisler, M. N. (2016). A Tesla in every garage?.IEEE Spectrum,53(2), 34-55. Everything will be recycled.. (2017). Business Insider. Retrieved 1 March 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.in/18-incredible-facts-about-Elon-Musks-Gigafactory/Everything-will-be-recycled-/slideshow/52906827.cms Hanley, S. (2015). Analyst predicts Gigafactory will reduce Tesla battery costs below $100 per kWh.Ecomento, September. Lu, L., Han, X., Li, J., Hua, J., Ouyang, M. (2013). A review on the key issues for lithium-ion battery management in electric vehicles.Journal of power sources,226, 272-288. Martin, C. (2014).Driving change in the battery industry(Doctoral dissertation, Nature Research). Miller, J. (2014). Energy Storage and Battery Advances. Online]. Avaliable:https://www. eei. org/about/meetings/Meeting_Documents/Miller,%20Jam es. pdf. Nykvist, B., Nilsson, M. (2015). Rapidly falling costs of battery packs for electric vehicles.Nature Climate Change,5(4), 329-332. Richa, K., Babbitt, C. W., Gaustad, G., Wang, X. (2014). A future perspective on lithium-ion battery waste flows from electric vehicles.Resources, Conservation and Recycling,83, 63-76. Sharma, S. (2016). The Tesla Phenomena A Business Strategy Report. Tesla Gigafactory | Tesla Canada. (2017). Tesla.com. Retrieved 1 March 2017, from https://www.tesla.com/en_CA/gigafactory Wang, X., Gaustad, G., Babbitt, C. W., Richa, K. (2014). Economies of scale for future lithium-ion battery recycling infrastructure.Resources, Conservation and Recycling,83, 53-62. Zeng, X., Li, J., Singh, N. (2014). Recycling of spent lithium-ion battery: a critical review.Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,44(10), 1129-1165.